65 research outputs found
Examining Student Learning and Perceptions in Social Annotation-Based Translation Activities
Limited research has been conducted on how to incorporate computer-supported collaborative learning into translation instruction despite the potential benefits. A study was conducted with a group of college English majors in China to examine the effects of using a social annotation tool to encourage student interaction during translation activities. The results showed that students made greater improvement when they completed the translation assignments with the support of a social annotation tool than when they completed the assignments in the traditional way. In addition, students had a positive attitude toward the use of the social annotation tool
Fatigue Behavior of an Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg Alloy Processed by Extrusion and Heat Treatment
The fatigue life of a hot extruded Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg alloy under T1, T4, and T6 conditions was studied. The microstructure and tensile properties of the alloy were investigated in order to analyze the fatigue behavior. The results of the fatigue test showed that an extruded Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg alloy provided greater fatigue life compared to a cast Al-Si alloy, which was explained by the refined microstructure characterized by fine Si particles uniformly distributed in the Al matrix of fine equiaxed grains promoted by hot extrusion. The fatigue property of the alloy in T6 treatment was higher than that in the T4 and T1 conditions due to strengthening precipitation
Human Digital Twin: A Survey
Digital twin has recently attracted growing attention, leading to intensive
research and applications. Along with this, a new research area, dubbed as
"human digital twin" (HDT), has emerged. Similar to the conception of digital
twin, HDT is referred to as the replica of a physical-world human in the
digital world. Nevertheless, HDT is much more complicated and delicate compared
to digital twins of any physical systems and processes, due to humans' dynamic
and evolutionary nature, including physical, behavioral, social, physiological,
psychological, cognitive, and biological dimensions. Studies on HDT are
limited, and the research is still in its infancy. In this paper, we first
examine the inception, development, and application of the digital twin
concept, providing a context within which we formally define and characterize
HDT based on the similarities and differences between digital twin and HDT.
Then we conduct an extensive literature review on HDT research, analyzing
underpinning technologies and establishing typical frameworks in which the core
HDT functions or components are organized. Built upon the findings from the
above work, we propose a generic architecture for the HDT system and describe
the core function blocks and corresponding technologies. Following this, we
present the state of the art of HDT technologies and applications in the
healthcare, industry, and daily life domain. Finally, we discuss various issues
related to the development of HDT and point out the trends and challenges of
future HDT research and development
Panax notoginseng
Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) could maintain vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in stable phenotypes so as to keep blood vessel elasticity as well as prevent failing in endovascular treatment with stent. Downregulation of Notch3 expression in VSMCs could influence the phenotype of VSMCs under pathologic status. However, whether PNS is able to attenuate the Notch3 silencing induced phenotype switching of VSMCs remains poorly understood. Primary human VSMCs were transfected with a plasmid containing a small interfering RNA (siRNA) against Notch3 and then exposed to different doses of PNS. The control groups included cells not receiving any treatment and cells transfected with a control siRNA. Phenotypic switching was evaluated by observing cell morphology with confocal microscopy, as well as examining α-SM-actin, SM22α, and OPN using Western blot. Downregulated Notch3 with a siRNA induced apparent phenotype switching, as reflected by morphologic changes, decreased expression of α-SM-actin and SM22α and increased expression of OPN. These changes were inhibited by PNS in a dose-dependent manner. The phenotype switching of VSMCs induced by Notch3 knockdown could be inhibited by PNS in a dose-dependent manner. Our study provided new evidence for searching effective drug for amending stability of atherosclerotic disease
Improvement of Liquid Fructose-Induced Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance by Ginger Treatment in Rats Is Associated with Suppression of Adipose Macrophage-Related Proinflammatory Cytokines
Adipose tissue insulin resistance (Adipo-IR) results in excessive release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue, which plays a key role in the development of “lipotoxicity.” Therefore, amelioration of Adipo-IR may benefit the treatment of other metabolic abnormalities. Here we found that treatment with the alcoholic extract of ginger (50 mg/kg/day, by oral gavage) for five weeks attenuated liquid fructose-induced hyperinsulinemia and an increase in the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index in rats. More importantly, ginger reversed the increases in the Adipo-IR index and plasma nonesterified fatty acid concentrations during the oral glucose tolerance test assessment. Adipose gene/protein expression profiles revealed that ginger treatment suppressed CD68 and F4/80, two important macrophage accumulation markers. Consistently, the macrophage-associated cytokines tissue necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 were also downregulated. In contrast, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, but not IRS-2, was upregulated. Moreover, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and its receptor chemokine (C-C motif) receptor-2 were also suppressed. Thus these results suggest that amelioration of fructose-induced Adipo-IR by ginger treatment in rats is associated with suppression of adipose macrophage-related proinflammatory cytokines
Infrared Imaging of Magnetic Octupole Domains in Non-collinear Antiferromagnets
Magnetic structure plays a pivotal role in the functionality of
antiferromagnets (AFMs), which not only can be employed to encode digital data
but also yields novel phenomena. Despite its growing significance, visualizing
the antiferromagnetic domain structure remains a challenge, particularly for
non-collinear AFMs. Currently, the observation of magnetic domains in
non-collinear antiferromagnetic materials is feasible only in MnSn,
underscoring the limitations of existing techniques that necessitate distinct
methods for in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic domain imaging. In this study,
we present a versatile method for imaging the antiferromagnetic domain
structure in a series of non-collinear antiferromagnetic materials by utilizing
the anomalous Ettingshausen effect (AEE), which resolves both the magnetic
octupole moments parallel and perpendicular to the sample surface. Temperature
modulation due to the AEE originating from different magnetic domains is
measured by the lock-in thermography, revealing distinct behaviors of octupole
domains in different antiferromagnets. This work delivers an efficient
technique for the visualization of magnetic domains in non-collinear AFMs,
which enables comprehensive study of the magnetization process at the
microscopic level and paves the way for potential advancements in applications.Comment: National Science Review in pres
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